Electric heater.



PATENTED MAY 2, X905.

H. M. HILL. ELEGTRC HEATER. APPLICATION FILED APR. 25, 1904.

E C @E @E UNITED STATES Patented May 2, 1905,

PATENT OEEICE.

HARRY M. HILL, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO l-IILL ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 788,905, dated May 2, 1905.

Application filed AprilZ, 1904. Serial No. 204,769.

To all '1071/0711, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY M. HILL, aciti- Zen of the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis, State of Missouri, have inventeda A certain new and useful Improvement in Electric Heaters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference be.- ing had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which-- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a car, apart of the side being broken away toillustrate the heater; and Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional I5 view of the heater, the tubes being shown partly in elevation and partly in section.

This invention relates to electric heaters, and particularly to a car-heater in which a circulating medium is employed in connection 2o with a system for distributing the heat to various parts of the car or other premises in which the heater may be located.

In the drawings I have illustrated a preferred form of heater in which the numeral 1 designates a plurality of longitudinally-disposed eonducting tubes or pipes connected at their respective ends by the manifolds 2 and 3. Leading' from the cap of one of the manifolds is an upstanding pipe or tube et, having a terminally-disposed funnel to receive the liquid whereby the system can be supplied or replenished from time to time. At the bottom of the manifold is a peteoek whereby the liquid maybe drawn from the system. Means for heating the liquid within the system is provided in one of the manifolds, (in this instance designated by the numeral 3,) and in order to accommodate this means the manifold is slightly different from those usually 3 is a socket member 12, which is rigidly secured to the cover by the threaded portions of the binding-posts, which socket is insulated from the walls of the casing 3 for obvious reasons. The circumferential iiange 13 of this socket member is so disposed that it will ellieiently secure and retain the electrode le. The electrode 14C preferably consists of a carbon cylinder concentrically disposed within the manifold 3 and is provided with a plurality of openings 15, through which the liquid may flow in order to promote circulation in the system. The electrode 14 is termed the outer electrode for the reason that it surrounds the inner or positive electrode 16, also within the manifold and extending a considerable distance within the central opening' of the electrode 1+i. In actual practice I have found that a positive electrode consisting of platinum gives excellent results, although I do not wish to have-it understood that I limit myself to this exact l'orm. The wire which forms the core of the electrode 16 is designated by the reference-numeral 1 7 and extends down through the bottom of the casing, being terminally connected to the binding-post 1S of the positive conductor 19.

In order that the positive electrode will be insulated from the system, I provide a stuffing-box which is illustrated as comprising two socketed blocks 20 and 21, having oppositelydisposed recesses 22 and 23, in which are resilient insulating-bodies. The blocks 2O and 21 are preferably composed of porcelain or some material possessing the properties thereof for insulating' purposes. This stufIing-box closes the bottom opening of the casing 3, and the blocks are capable of being clamped together by the clamping-rings 24 and 25. It will be observed that the clamping-ring 2A is provided with oppositely-disposed [langes 26 and 27, the outer liange resting upon the licor of the easing 3, while the other flange engages the shoulder on the adjacent insulatingblock. The outer wall of the ring is threaded to receive the internal threads of its companion ring engaging a shoulder on the eooperating insulated block, so that when the two rings are brought together and screwed one upon the other the blocks 2O and 21 form a tight closure for the opening in the bottom of the casing, and, if desired, a rubber gasket 27 can be interposed between the bottom of the casing 3 and one of the rings to prevent leakage.

In the operation of the device the circuit energized b y a suitable generator will be closed, and the current passing through the binding-post 1S will pass up through the positive electrode, and the resistance offered by the liquid interposed between the outer wall of this electrode and the inner wall of the negative electrode will cause a high degree of heat to be generated within the manifold 3, which being communicated to the liquid will be distributed throughout the entire system. lf it is desirable to have access to the heater for any reason, this can readily be accomplished by removing the cover 6, carrying with it the binding-post? and the electrode 14, and by controlling the petcock 5 the liquid can be drawn off, and access can readily be had to the positive electrode.

l. am aware that minor changes in the construction, arrangement, and combination of the several parts of my device can be lnade and substituted for those herein shown and described without in the least departing from the nature and principle of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-A l. An electric heater comprising a casing, an electrode carried by the casing, and a coperating electrode projecting through an opening in the casing, a stufng-box in the opening comprising oppositely-disposed blocks, clamping-rings for the blocks, one of which has a door-engaging liange and a block-engaging flange, and the other ring engaging its adjacent block and having engagement with its companion ring to clamp the two blocks together; substantially as described.

2. An electric water-heater, comprising` a casing, a removable cover carried thereby, a socket fixed with relation to the cover, aperforate tubular electrode in the socket, andan electrode carried by the opposite end of the casing and surround ed by the first-named electrode, said electrodes being arranged to permit the water to circulate therebetween and offer a resistance to the current passing' between the electrodes; substantially as described.

3. An electric heater comprising a plurality7 of tubes, and a manifold in communication with the tubes at its respective ends, an outer electrode within the manifold and carried by one end thereof, an inner electrode carried by the opposite end of the manifold whereby a space is formed between the two electrodes for the circulation of water from a tube at one end of the manifold through a tube at the opposite end of the manifold, the space formed between the two electrodes permitting the water to set up a resistance between them; substantially as described.

4;. An electric heater comprising a manifold, and tubes communicating with the manifold at its respective ends, heating-electrodes within the manifold, one of which surrounds the other, and one of which is provided with openings to permit a circulation of water between the intervening space formed between the two electrodes; substantially as described.

5. An electric water-heater comprising a plurality of tubes, and manifolds at the re" spective ends of the tubes, an electrode within one of the manifolds and provided with openings, an electrode within the first-named electrode and surrounded by the same, whereby an intervening space is formed between the two electrodes so that the water will sot up a resistance between the two electrodes and provide for a circulation in the tubes; substantially as described.

6. An electric water-heater comprising a casing, a perforate tubular electrode carried by one end of the casing, an electrode carried by the opposite end of the easing and surrounded by the first-named electrode, said electrodes being arranged to permit the water to circulate therebetween and offer a resistance to the current passing' between the electrodes; substantially as described.

7. An electric water-heater comprising a casing, a perforate tubular electrode carried by one end of the casing, an imperforate electrode carried by the opposite end of the easing and surrounded by the first-named electrode, said electrodes being arranged to permit the water to circulate therebetween and offer a resistance to the current passing' between thc electrodes, tubes leading' from the respective ends of the casing and connected so as to promote a continuous circulation of the water discharged from one end of the casing and received at the other end; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aiix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses, this 13th day of April, 1904.

HARRY M. HlLL. lVitnesses:

F. R. CoRNwALL, GEORGE BAKEwnLL.

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